Fairness

The concept of allowing actions to affect a wider population correctly.

Properties

• Non-Arbitrariness
• Merit-based
• Equality of Opportunity
• Rawls Justice as Fairness

Types

• Individual Fairness
• Group Fairness
• Ex-ante Fairness
• Ex-post Fairness

Beliefs

• Utilitarianism
• Egalitarianism
• Luck Egalitarianism
• Prioritarianism
• Meritocracy
• Opportunity Meritocracy

Algorithmic Fairness

Fairness for Risk Scores

• Calibration Within Groups
• Balance for the Positive Class
• Balance for the Negative Class

Fairness for Binary Classification

• Proportionality
• Equality of Treatment
• Equality of Outcome
• Pareto Curve
• Equality of False Negatives
• Equality of False Positives
• Equality of Positive Predicated Value
• Equality of Negative Predictive Value
• Equality of False-Positive Rate to False-Negative Rate
• Equal Overall Error Rates
• Equal Ratios of Predicted Positives to Actual Positives

Problems

• Fairness Impossibility Theorem
• Algorithmic Gerrymandering

Concepts

• Ex-ante Ex-post Example
• Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions
• Amazon AI Recruitment Bias
• Calibration
• Statistical Parity by Status
• Score Function
• Classifier